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-
- SECTION XVI
-
- HEAT EMERGENCIES
-
-
- There are three types of heat emergencies you
- may be required to treat.
-
- 1. HEAT STROKE
-
- This is the most serious type of heat
- emergency. It is LIFE-THREATENING and requires
- IMMEDIATE and AGGRESSIVE treatment!
-
- Heat stroke occurs when the body's heat
- regulating mechanism fails. The body
- temperature rises so high that brain damage
- --and death-- may result unless the body is
- cooled quickly.
-
- SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
-
- The victim's skin is HOT, RED and usually DRY.
- Pupils are very small. The body temperature is
- VERY HIGH, sometimes as high as 105 degrees.
-
- FIRST AID
-
- Remember, Heat Stroke is a life-threatening
- emergency and requires prompt action!
- Summon professional help. Get the victim into
- a cool place.
-
- COOL THE VICTIM AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE IN ANY
- MANNER POSSIBLE! Place the victim into a
- bathtub of cool water, wrap in wet sheets,
- place in an air conditioned room.
-
- Do not give victim anything by mouth. Treat for
- shock.
-
-
- 2. HEAT EXHAUSTION
-
- Heat exhaustion is less dangerous than heat
- stroke. It is caused by fluid loss which in
- turn causes blood flow to decrease in
- vital organs, resulting in a form of shock.
-
- SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
-
- COOL, PALE AND MOIST skin, heavy sweating,
- dilated pupils (wide), headache, nausea,
- dizziness and vomiting. Body temperature
- will be near normal.
-
- FIRST AID
-
- Get the victim out of the heat and into a cool
- place. Place in the shock position, lying on
- the back with feet raised. Remove or loosen
- clothing. Cool by fanning or applying cold
- packs or wet towels or sheets. If conscious,
- give water to drink every 15 minutes.
-
- IMPORTANT: WHILE HEAT EXHAUSTION IS NOT A LIFE-
- THREATENING EMERGENCY LIKE HEAT STROKE, IT CAN
- PROGRESS TO HEAT STROKE IF LEFT UNTREATED!
-
-
- 3. HEAT CRAMPS
-
- Heat cramps are muscular pain and spasms due
- to heavy exertion. They usually involve the
- theabdominal muscles or legs. It is
- generally thought this condition is caused by
- loss of water and salt through sweating.
-
- FIRST AID
-
- Get victim to a cool place. If they can
- tolerate it, give one-half glass of water every
- 15 minutes. Heat cramps can usually be avoided
- by increasing fluid intake when active in hot
- weather.
-
- ***